| 英文摘要 |
Clams (Corbicula) are benthic species that grow in small rivers; ponds and lakes, they consume plankton and suspended organic substances and produce mainly in spring and fall. Clams contained glycogen, amino acids, Vitamin B2, B12, choline and many minerals.? Clams are considered as functional products in Taiwan that are beneficial for liver, and Clam essences and clam tablets have been promoted in the local health drinks market, however, there is no quality requirement regarding the content and the indicator components of the clam essences in the official certified standards. Therefore, the main focus of this research is to investigate the vitamins, minerals, glycogen, free amino acids contents of clam, clam extracts and clam products, and based the relevance of those results to set up CAS certified standards for clam essence products.
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Research shows that there are abundant of vitamin B2; B12, niacin, folic acid and choline, however, those are water-soluble vitamins that are not suitable for quality indicator components.? Calcium and phosphorous are plentiful in clams, but it is found that the extraction rate are based on the processing conditions, which are also not suitable for quality indicators.? Result shows that glycogen contents and free amino acids are suitable as the quality indicators for clam extracts.? Glycogen content of clam (edible parts) lies within 3000-4000 mg/100g, glycogens are stable and easily extractable by steaming and cooking, therefore, are suitable for the quality indicators for clam extracts.?? Free amino acids% can serve as the finger print profile for clam extracts, the range of individual amino acids found in this research are: Glutamic acid in the range of 7.87-14.58%; Glycine in the range of 1.95-4.31%; Alanine in the range of 11.42-18.68%; Leucine in the range of 3.32-5.92%; Valine in the range of 3.69-5.10% and ornithine in the range of 4.79-6.65%.? Amino acid composition can also serve as the purity indicators for clam extracts.? There are approximately 20-40 clams in each clam extracts, and mostly agreed with the amino acid composition profiles. |